Side trip to Jupiter, a city north of Palm Beach, well known as Burt Reynolds lives there and Celine Dion comes to built a beautiful villa. In the spring you will have the chance to see the St. Louis Cardinals (Base Ball team) play and s Selected as a favorite destination for Brazilians and foreigners, Morro de Sao Paulo is the Provided that comfortable at rates logical cheap hotels in the United States are well liked among budget travelers severe. Dot all parts of the Taking advantage of the Internet this morning, I took the opportunity to send blog and slide while my half read. We could even call the kids. All this Urban nature and urbanity in the tourist resort of Salou (Spain), through the study: a park-walk, a paseo, an urban park. The public spaces of nature become a major tourist attraction of coastal stations on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Municipalities drive recovery policies on urban beaches, high beach, along the coastline, at the expense of uncontrolled urbanization, inherited from the 1960s (hotels, campgrounds). The landscape facing the divisions between the tourist and the City "resident" alien vegetation use, decontextualized (palm trees), to put in the public areas palm coast hotel and resort to an indigenous nature (olive, cypress) to the common areas of permanent residents . The public forested Areas Become a stake of the touristic appeal of coastal destinations on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. The Municipalities steer the urban recovery Police on the beaches, beach heights, Along the coastal line, at the Expense of anarchical urbanization, inherited from the years 1960 (hotels, camping ground). The landscapers, confronted with the Split Between touristic city and "resident" city, use exotic vegetation, out of context (palm tree) for Public Areas Developed Into tourism, and resort to indigenous nature (olive trees, cypress) for Common Areas for the permanent residents. 1In the beginning of the twenty-first century, the coastal resorts are marked by new residential and recreational practices. These lead to a convergence of tourism and residential, characterized by the development of continuum between living spaces and recreational areas. On the coasts of the Mediterranean Arc, number of stations in the strict sense turn into city-stations, mixing tourists and permanent residents, expectations, different relationships with the public space, especially with urban nature. 2L'environnement the city deploys a highly diverse, consisting of air, water, mineral, soil, living. The coastal resorts introduce additional environmental complexity: the contact of the city with nature in living marine terminal ecumene, by the intermediation of plages.1 The place of nature in the city, driven by the concepts of eco-neighborhood , urban sustainable city "renatured" becomes a fundamental issue of urban governance. The urbanity of a tourist resort, which allows the exchange, contact, social diversity, increasingly being built around the design and uses of urban public spaces natures. 3How in the Spanish Mediterranean coastal resorts, since the 1955-1960 characterized by mass tourism land on which they playa2, considered aggressive for the environment and coastal scenery, recreating nature in the city? Why and how, the resort of Salou (Map 1 and Figure 1), tourist attraction located on the Costa Dorada south of Tarragona in Catalonia, near the second European theme park (Port Aventura), she systematized more than its competitors (Benidorm, Gandia, Cullera, Torrevieja) (Rieucau, 2006), the development of coastal and inland walks, for their role naturans and socializing?. 4Après a reflection on the references of the city coastal landscape that combine urban, rural and maritime dimension, the study positioned at the intersection between urban geography and tourism, question the role assigned to various urban forms natured: creation ex nihilo of paseos, maintaining a city park, a park-ride located on the seafront 6The city has long been an area of ​​non-nature, the territory of the anti-nature (Arnould, 2006), the absolute antipode nature (Esteban, 2006), the field of denatured, place artificial (Arnold, op. cit.), a hybrid reality. "Today, Western society has an interest in certain forms of wildlife in public parks" (Dorier Apprill, 2006). It is characterized by a taste for a "spontaneous nature" resulting in the enhancement of native flora (Dorier Apprill, op. Cit.). The urban, assimilated by a drift sophisticated urban atmosphere that would facilitate familiarization with the "use the world" (Merlin, Choay, 1996) takes place in public spaces, allowing convergence, interaction, co-presence between individuals. These social spaces facilitate the meeting open ephemeral, anonymous, people from social groups, professions, ethnicities, faiths (Ghorra Gobin, 2001). Public space is assumed that together are three basic principles: maximum accessibility, a high potential for meeting the other, a scene of otherness (Berdoulay, Morales, 1999). The report of the city to nature is part of a new urban or "urban nature" (Bonnin, 2010), creating synergies between the frame and the plant, bringing housing and urban green space (garden, park, walk). 9The garden, supposed to crystallize urbanity (Levy, Lussault, 2003), changing from private to public, from the Enlightenment and is characterized within a specific urban, more intimate than the streets and places (Levy, Lussault, op. cit.). The art and culture of gardens in Europe, have long been in the city, key biodiversity sites controlled and directed (Arnold, op. Cit.). Within the urban nature, the public garden (ornamental, botanical, exotic landscaping) is central (Gillot, 2006). The garden that supplies a powerful imagination (naturalist, hygienist, environmentalist) is often in the collective unconscious city, nature in the city (Levy, Lussault, op. Cit.). 10AU nineteenth century, the park public3 in the historical continuity of Central Park in New York, Hyde Park in London Montsouris Park in Paris, helped to preserve and reintroduce nature into cities (Arnold, op. Cit .), to contribute to the beautification, improve hygiene. In the twentieth century, this green space, on the border of nature and society (Gillot, op. Cit.), Between nature and culture, based largely thought Landscape (Donadieu, 2005). 11Au early twentieth century, public parks are also social virtues, moral, aesthetic (Gillot, op. Cit.). According to some authors, the garden shows in his way, the process of civilization of manners (Levy, Lussault, op. Cit.), A kind of sanctuary from violence, incivility, facing the dangers of the city (Merlin, Choay, op. cit.). Green spaces facilitate situations of isolation, retrenchment and are meeting places (Merlin, Choay, op. Cit.). 12Au turn of the century, the existence of public spaces (squares, parks, gardens, public buildings), as well as the degree of residential social mix, can be indicators of urban cities (Doria Apprill, op. cit.). 14 It is, in Western society, a social demand for landscape, nature of practice (Donadieu, op. Cit.), The landscape need to qualify for green landscape of desire, of the campaign. Social demand in places of nature, as well as market landscape (Donadieu, op. Cit.) Traveled all the cities. The work of landscape allow us to understand that two types of patterns, landscape references, interferes in the cities (Donadieu, op. Cit.), Those related to rurality, urbanity of those involved, plus, for coastal cities, those that depict the maritime (Peron, Rieucau, 1996). 16The reasons for the urban part of the urban art (Merlin, Choay, op. Cit.) Represented by the street, instead, the Public Garden, completed in the Mediterranean by plazas, driveways, walks (Rieucau , op. cit.). Within these urban forms, public gardens and green spaces play in the history of cities, a central character for both nature and socializing. 18The reasons for rural to inner city residents in the use of urban trees (Figure 2), the hedge in the garden, the meadow in the park (Donadieu, op. Cit.) forestiers4 and spaces. In Salou, Catalonia, city-resort dual national and international attendance, walks recent urban extensions, only frequented by Catalan resident populations, highlight rural life through the use of native vegetation (old olive trees called "monumental "cypress, acacia, eucalyptus, oleander) (Figure 3). These spaces, which do not contribute to the construction of the tourist image, exclude the use of palm trees and exotic plants, unlike the vast park Jaume I (Figure 4) fitted on the beach, showcase tourist station and principal place of wandering vacationers. 20Villes complex coastal resorts and the classical binomial rural landscape / urban, by introducing the variable sea. The reasons for the maritime (Peron, Rieucau, op. Cit.), Are based on the promenade, the beach, wearing plaisance5, staging piers, dikes and jetties, heritage boats (Figure 5) and fishing gear (Figure 6). In urban history, walkways, courtyards, in the continental cities, leading the city to the countryside (Dorier Apprill, op. Cit.). Similarly, the coastal promenade can see the sea, observing the landscape and seascape while walking (Rieucau, op. Cit.). The existence of a real fishing port into a tourist city can enhance its maritimité6 and show its age-old link with the sea (Benidorm, Costa Blanca). Finally, in the maritime towns and in the coastal resorts, the beach holds a special place as an atypical area (Lageiste, Rieucau, 2008). As recreational space and inter-societal offset it, replace it, without even smaller in size, variety, gardens and public parks? (Coralli, 2007). Figure 5 – Highlighting the function fishing past the heritage value of fishing boats and the reconstruction of piers. 21The city of Salou has embarked on a process of urban renewal, to restore the internal balance of the city between built-up areas and green spaces. Urban renewal is based on a reconstruction of the city itself, through the recovery, reclamation of vacant land, restructuring of neighborhoods through the rehabilitation or by demolition. The municipality conducted an active policy of urban recovery hastily arranged for mass tourism in the 1960s, to develop public spaces of nature by means of local species called contextual vegetation (olive, oleander, almond …). 22The landscape, coastal urbanization to contain, mitigate the impression of mass tourism, in all resorts, carry out a recovery of public shoreline. The urban renewal focused on the high beach, the seafront and campgrounds embedded in the urban fabric. Along the coastline (Figure 7), the government promotes the establishment of green areas coastal destruction and expropriation of illegal construction. This policy is also accompanied by the recovery of open spaces (coastal pine, scrub-covered valleys, protection of local species of palm trees, small size, resistant to salt spray). The expansion plans of the city to the north based on the establishment of a green based on native species (olive trees, fruit trees, young pines, poplars), serving as a transition plant announcement with rural areas devices. 23A Salou, the park-promenade Jaume I, built on the waterfront in the center of the station (Map 1), extends over one kilometer long and 120 feet wide, flanked by two parking lots. In the 1970s, the current park is occupied by both a large park and fairground areas. At the turn of the century, this area of ​​ambulation result of a policy of recovery and renaturation urban spaces tourist uncontrolled development between 1955 and 1960. This city is also accompanied by renaturation on the beach adjacent to a vegetation of upper beach (Platja Ponent) (Map 1), (Figure 8), at the expense of hotels built in the year 1955. 24The promenade7 park consists of five parallel rows of palm trees (plant species introduced between 1880 and 1920), of different sizes, creating an atmosphere of widespread planting, shady, slightly varied with species, most of oleanders and flowers. Plant diversity is low, devoid of local species, unlike residential areas (figs, olives, cactus). The relationship between the mineral and végétal8 is to the advantage of the first (Figure 9) due to the place of street furniture, metal light poles, by the local maintenance of wood (Fig. 10) and the pavement clear mineral that reflects light. 25En back of the upper beach, between the park and the beach, a fun maze planted (orange trees, magnolias, araucaria, tamarisk, oleander white, banana trees, lawns) was set up to provide swimmers during the day: shadow ( palm trees, wooden pergolas tarpaulin, benches), freshness (dirt floor, ground floor covered with wooden slats, floor gazonné9, ponds, water features running water, pressurized water showers) and games (children's facilities, bowls, aerobics, table tennis), to be a complement to the recreational Balneari strict sense. The contact between the boardwalk and the sand takes place in the day a heterogeneous concentration of users of the beach (grandparents, parents and young children in their strollers, retired couples, single seniors, disabled, tourists color of skin) seeking proximity to secure games for children and the groves of palm trees (soil half grass, half covered with strips of wood, equipped with showers, garbage cans, purveyors of calm, cool and shade) (Figure 11). 26The range of daytime recreational uses within the park is to enrich, to expand (meet, have lunch, free) playa the soil based on the tan and swim in the sea The day use of the great aisle of Jaume I park combines tourism retirees, grandparents and their grandchildren, families. It works as a green space, public, between the self (strong cleavage permanent residents / tourists) not generating confrontations of cultures and social interrelations. 27The targets designers of the binomial park / beach were many: severely restrict traffic on the sea, renature the coastline, providing additional day and night to playa floor, set up a night-time use of the beach, creating a interface between the city and the beach, move the urban ambulatory night downtown to the waterfront park-ride is a new urban form, which also enrich the tourism resource and renew image tourist and recreational city. 28In the Mediterranean non-Muslim public life takes place in the street. The whole company took part in the walk early evening in summer, Italy (passegiatta), Spain (paseo). The term paseo, used in all of Spain (Rambla Catalonia) is a generic term and refers to both the place where you walk a distance varying from a few tens of meters to several kilometers, but also the action of walking: pasear (ramblear in Catalonia). In the Iberian Peninsula, is a taste for public promenade (Berdoulay, Morales, op. cit.) based on an ambulatory form of urbanity, in heavily frequented public spaces, where the crowd is essential (Berdoulay, Morales, op. cit.) for staging of city life. The walk Iberian urban combines two essential functions: to enable social interaction (social sitio), as a meeting place (sitio de Encuentro). 29 The Paseo de la Segregació (Map 1) is one of the four radial paseos of the new town north (each new district with a paseo). This walk is not urban in connection with tourism, or with his own image, in contrast to the coastal park and promenade. With a length of 500 meters, this link is part of an urban green belt (poplar, eucalyptus, conifers) that helps aerate the north of the city and serves as a binder in the new pedestrian administrative services (schools, town hall, library, theater, auditorium, new railway station RENFE). This promenoirse consists of a central alley (also serving as bike path), winding, dotted with benches, lined with two lanes of traffic. Beyond the two roads, clumps of poplar, acacia, eucalyptus and old olive trees, complete this walk natured. The paseo devoid of built cultural elements (sculptures) is regularly punctuated by empty, serving as a meeting place. Its vegetation consists of acacia, old oliviers10, cypress, oleander, grassy spaces. This tour does not produce a landscape of nature in the city due to vegetation too diffuse, too domestiquée11 in nature, functional too many native, finally, because of the many roads that cut along its length deployment of the paseo. If the plant outweighs the mineral, for against the trees are small and do not produce shadows. 30The Ciutat Park, built in 1992 at the expense of the former campground Salou, covers 15 750 m2. This green area, very entrenched in the urban fabric, forms a gardened oasis of nature in the city (Donadieu, op. Cit.), An urban space cooling (Figure 12). Built on three levels, the park contains a grove and a botanical garden. It is crossed by canals of running water, surrounded by beds of papyrus, surrounded by magnolias, punctuated by waterfalls. It is made up mainly of large conifers (pine and spruce), promote the plant (60% of its surface) and produces a landscape of wooded urban park (called a forest park by the municipality). The thick wood dominates, the designers have excluded the cultural elements (no statues, sculptures, bandstands). Although located near an area of ​​villas and hotels, not far from the park-promenade Jaume 1, it is not involved in the construction of the tourist image of the station and a public space remains strong nature, not put tourism (with the exception of the few retired foreign nationals). Catalan and Spanish populations, the elderly, to seek the presence of water, the freshness, the absence of staged tourism guarantor of peace. The lack of young people, tourists, foreign populations, prevents any form of confrontation of cultures, co-presence, of interrelations between the tourist town and the city "resident." Unlike the first park-promenade Jaume, the crowd is not necessary, visitors looking for the silence (birdsong, the sound of running water), the pontoons to pause, benches for resting. 31In Spain Mediterranean coastal mass tourism has caused an uncontrolled tourist urbanization, alteration of the landscape and the coastal environment. To soften the mass tourist resorts relaunch with an obsolete tourism undifferentiated, partially neglected by customers of Northwest Europe, municipalities conduct recovery operations, urban renewal. They take place at the expense of developed areas too quickly between 1955 and 1960 (campgrounds, hotels, parking lots, showmen, some arranged in the high range). Urban areas thus recovered are subject to a renaturation (replacement of established hotels on the beach with palm oasis, substitution of a park-ride parking lot car recovery open space on the shelves coastal rock). 32In these cities-stations, urban planners, landscape architects, are confronted with reports differentiated public space, tourists and permanent residents, cleaving the tourist town and the city "resident." This results in renaturation differentiated public places being tourism, nature through vegetation and decontextualized "globalized" (palm trees) and public spaces reserved for permanent residents (new paseos the north of the city) favoring an indigenous nature , considered to be "reassuring", made of local species (olive, cypress, acacia, eucalyptus, fig, oleander). These green spaces that do not contribute to the construction of the tourist image excludes the use of palm trees and exotic plants, unlike the waterfront promenades, emblematic of international tourism. Figure 14 – An artificial pine forest in an area of ​​urban renewal at the expense of a former campground, on the beachfront of the resort of Pineda. The inclination of the metal pins trunks suggests the integration of nature unreal in the real nature of the resort. Estebanez J., 2006. The zoo and the city: what kind to the Biodome in Montreal? Annales de Geographic, Paris, Armand Colin, No. 652, p. 708-731. G. Gillot, 2006. Dream of Paradise Park, the gardens in the Arab world: Damascus, Cairo, Rabat. Journal of Geography, Armand Colin, Paris, No. 650, p. 409-433. Rieucau J., 2006. The promenade of the resort city of aristocratic age postouristique. The urban public space to the limits of the oikoumene. The footprint of tourism's contribution to the identity of that tourist Rieucau J., Lageiste, J, (ed.), Paris, l'Harmattan, p. 121-175. Rieucau J., Lageiste J., 2008. The beach a singular territory: between heterotopia and anti-world. In Lageiste J., J. Rieucau (Ed.), The Beach: atypique.Paris territory, the Harmattan, Geography and Culture, No. 67, p. 3-6. Rieucau J., 2008. To the beaches postbalnéaires early twenty-first century. Domestication between summer and winter naturalness In Lageiste J., J. Rieucau (Ed.), The Beach: atypique.Paris territory, the Harmattan, Geography and Culture, No. 67, p. 27-46. Rieucau J., 2009. Street in the humanities, in architecture and urbanism in the early twenty-first century. Lyon, Géocarrefour, No. 3, pp. 172-173. A. Serpa (2004), The urban park: a public space in the contemporary city? Comparative study Paris-Salvador, Paris, l'Harmattan, Geography and Cultures, No. 52, p. 91-104. In a media hyperurbanisés, beach and marine shoreface deploy a seasonally threatened biodiversity. The natural environment is difficult to develop, in contact with land / sea, is the subject, in summer, attempted domestication of artificial, for developers, planners, landscape architects. By cons, in winter, the beach takes a more natural character (recolonisation by plants, some molluscs) (Rieucau, 2008). 2 The Mediterranean Spain since the year 1955, gave birth to a tourism model, the soil playa (sun and beach) or beach tourism, based on the practice of the sun, the beach, the sea This tourism , for the people of average social level, is characterized by disordered investment, insufficient infrastructure, recreational facilities in tourist facilities. It causes uncontrolled proliferation tourism, coastal flooding, altered landscapes and coastal environment. 3 In Europe, from 1850, private gardens open to the public (gardens religious, aristocratic, royal). Gradually, the opening of public space triumph against the detention of private spaces (Donadieu, op. Cit.) Facilitating inter and social mix. In Europe, the concept of the park gives great importance to the promenades and "planted areas." In France, he was born during the Second Empire, with Baron Haussmann. Prior to the nineteenth century, the ruling classes practiced aristocratic gardens, green areas of major cities. Then, they become scarce, following the disappearance of the convent gardens, those monasteries, showing the need to develop new green areas. Spain's accession to power of the urban bourgeoisie helps accelerate the development of public walks (Rieucau, 2006). 4 The figures of nature in the city can take various forms: ornamental trees, woodland, vineyards, wildlife corridors, green networks, supplemented by the management of wastelands, often home to a little known biodiversity (management entrusted to the landscape Gilles Clément in Montpellier), green roofs. 5 The marina, although small, was built in the heart of the resort, which is extremely rare on the Mediterranean coast of Spain, requiring the displacement of fishing activity in the neighboring resort of Cambrils. 6 Agricultural activities, now extinct in the western city, have long belonged to the city daily, particularly in the medieval town, which retained in its midst: parks, gardens and pets (Dorier Apprill, op. Cit.). The maritime city, invested by tourism or not, still retains, in many cases, function food, through the fishing port. 7 The park is also a public green space, planted, but larger in size than the garden (Merlin, Choay, op. Cit.). In Europe, the movement to create urban parks based on two things: hygienic reasons, and a movement back to nature, propagated by the literary movement of Romanticism (Merlin, Choay, op. Cit.). In North America, the name Park was born in the 1860s, the United States, and is accompanied by the emergence of environmental awareness that will spread the power of social reform, which helps to spread a democratic Access to nature (Levy, Lussault, op. cit.). On the eastern United States, is developing a movement to create urban parks, similar to that of Central Park in Manhattan, New York (Levy-Lussault, op. Cit.). 8 In the early twenty-first century, the rising insecurity in the cities directs the design of public open space to less use to the plant, promoting minerals (Serpa, 2004). Parks highlight the contemporary monumentality of their design, appearance strongly architectures, a new report by the binomial plant / mineral (Serpa, op. Cit.). New parks have little vegetation tall and consist of many components built. Urban nature appears static, theatrical (Serpa, op. Cit.). 9 The grassed areas are being called into question in the cities, for their strong need water for their poverty, ecological value. In the new urban parks, flower meadows and dry (attractive to wasps: bees, wasps, bees, hornets, moths to butterflies, for birds), replace irrigated lawns. Some 11 landscapers can make more radicals on the siting of a nature unreal. On the seafront in the neighboring resort of Salou La Pineda (place name meaning the pine forest), the municipality has used a kind alien, artificial means of pines metal giants (see photo 13), scenography to the promenade maritime. In the same station on a high setting devegetation, landscapers could replant pines, but they chose the implantation of an artificial nature, metal, representing a pine forest, up to the use of high-angle , the trunks of pines metal (see illustrations 14 and 15). Figure 5 – Highlighting the function fishing past the heritage value of fishing boats and the reconstruction of piers. Figure 14 – An artificial pine forest in an area of ​​urban renewal at the expense of a former campground, on the beachfront of the resort of Pineda. The inclination of the metal pins trunks suggests the integration of nature unreal in the real nature of the resort.